The Ficus virens, also known as the White Fig, is a majestic tropical tree belonging to the Moraceae family. Native to Southeast Asia, it is now found in many tropical and subtropical regions, including Madagascar. This fast-growing tree can reach heights of up to 30 metres. Its large, glossy green leaves, slightly wavy along the edges, provide valuable shade, making it an ideal choice for botanical gardens such as the one at Au Bois Vert Lodge, located near Ivato in Antananarivo.
One of the most fascinating features of White Fig is its ability to produce aerial roots. These roots descend from the branches towards the ground, sometimes forming intricate networks that contribute to the tree’s stability and expansion. This phenomenon gives the tree an imposing and distinctive appearance, making it particularly appreciated in settings such as eco-lodges or open-air restaurants.
The Ficus virens, or White Fig, is also known for its small, globular fruits, which change from green to bright red when ripe. Although inedible for humans, these fruits serve as an important food source for numerous bird species and small animals. Its discreet flowering, often hidden within the syconia (the fig’s fruiting structure), also attracts a variety of pollinating insects. Thanks to its crucial ecological role, Ficus virens perfectly embodies the principles of sustainability and biodiversity promoted in places such as the Au Bois Vert botanical garden.
Plant use
The Ficus virens is valued not only for its aesthetic appeal but also for its crucial role in various ecosystems and its practical uses. In tropical regions, it is often planted near homes, hotels, and public spaces for its ornamental qualities and the generous shade it provides. It is particularly well suited to large open spaces such as eco-lodges and outdoor restaurants, where its imposing silhouette and aerial roots naturally draw attention. In traditional medicine, different parts of the Ficus virens are used for their therapeutic properties. Its bark, for instance, is known for its anti-inflammatory and healing benefits, while its leaves are sometimes used to treat skin conditions. This tree is also a popular choice for reforestation projects due to its fast growth and ability to stabilise soil. At the Ivato Botanical Garden, visitors can observe firsthand the positive impact of this species on the preservation of local biodiversity. Finally, the White Fig Tree plays a key role in supporting local wildlife. Its fruits provide food for birds, which in turn help disperse its seeds, ensuring the tree's continued propagation. Thanks to these many qualities, the Ficus virens has become an iconic presence in renowned green spaces such as Au Bois Vert in Antananarivo.
Key information
| Common name | White Fig |
| Scientific name | Ficus virens |
| Origin | Southeast Asia |
| Natural habitat | Tropical and subtropical rainforests |
| Life cycle | Perennial |
| Flowering period | All year round (depending on conditions) |
