Retama monosperma, commonly known as White Broom, captivates with its elegance and abundant flowering. Native to the coastal regions of southern Europe and northern Africa, this plant thrives in sandy, well-drained soils, often found near dunes or scrublands. It is particularly well adapted to arid climates and sunny environments, making it an ideal species for Mediterranean and tropical landscapes.
This evergreen shrub can grow between 2 and 4 metres in height. Its long, graceful stems, almost devoid of leaves, bear clusters of delicate, fragrant white flowers. These blossoms, often likened to pristine clouds, appear in spring and sometimes in autumn, adding a striking aesthetic to gardens. At the Au Bois Vert botanical garden in Ivato, near Antananarivo, Retama monosperma, or White Broom, is among the ornamental species that captivate visitors.
Beyond its beauty, White Broom plays an important ecological role. It helps stabilise sandy soils and prevents erosion. Thanks to its ability to thrive in challenging conditions, it enhances landscapes where other plants might struggle to survive. As a result, hotels, restaurants, and lodges in the region often incorporate it into their landscaping to bring a touch of refinement and tranquillity.
At the Au Bois Vert botanical garden, this plant also serves as a key observation point for biodiversity enthusiasts. Bees and other pollinators are drawn to its fragrant flowers, further strengthening its role in supporting the local ecosystem. In short, the combination of beauty, resilience, and ecological value makes White Broom an essential addition to any tropical garden.
Plant use
Retama monosperma is more than just an ornamental shrub; it also has practical and symbolic uses that enhance its value. In Mediterranean regions, its flexible yet sturdy branches are often used to create natural fences, supports for vines, or lightweight roofing. These traditional applications highlight how seamlessly this plant integrates into the daily lives of local communities. From a medicinal perspective, white broom has a long history of use in folk medicine. Although not widely recognised in modern pharmacopoeia, its plant extracts have been used in traditional remedies to treat respiratory issues or stimulate appetite. However, it is important to note that certain parts of the plant, particularly the seeds, can be toxic if ingested in large quantities. This limits its medicinal use to carefully regulated practices. In landscaping, white broom stands out for its ability to withstand extreme conditions. At the Au Bois Vert botanical garden, this plant serves as a perfect example of ecological adaptation while contributing to the overall aesthetics of the space. Its subtle fragrance and abundant flowering make it a favourite among visitors and landscape design professionals. Hotels and lodges in Ivato, near Antananarivo, often choose this shrub for its resilience and visual appeal. In summary, white broom combines utility, beauty, and symbolism, making it invaluable in diverse environments. At the Au Bois Vert botanical garden, it perfectly embodies the harmony between nature and culture while supporting local biodiversity.
Key information
| Common name | White Broom |
| Scientific name | Retama monosperma |
| Origin | Southern Europe, Northern Africa |
| Natural habitat | Coastal regions, sandy soils |
| Life cycle | Perennial |
| Flowering period | Spring, sometimes autumn |
