The Calliandra haematocephala, known as the powder puff tree, is a fascinating ornamental plant that captures attention with its unique, bright red pompom-like inflorescences. Native to the tropical regions of the Americas, this species is distinguished by its exotic beauty and its ability to enhance gardens. The powder puff tree belongs to the Fabaceae family and typically grows as a shrub or small tree, reaching a height of 3 to 5 metres.
Its compound, bipinnate leaves are particularly appealing, sometimes becoming sensitive to the touch, a characteristic that delights visitors in botanical gardens like the one at the Au Bois Vert hotel and restaurant. The flowers, however, are the plant’s main attraction. These deep red powder puffs, made up of long, delicate stamens, mainly appear between November and February but may bloom sporadically throughout the year under favourable climatic conditions. The Calliandra haematocephala prefers warm and humid climates, although it can tolerate periods of moderate drought once well-established.
Ideal for outdoor spaces in Ivato or around a lodge, the powder puff tree fits perfectly into tropical landscaping. This specimen, a favourite in botanical gardens, also attracts pollinators such as bees, butterflies, and even hummingbirds. This trait makes it an excellent choice for promoting biodiversity in green spaces.
Plant use
The Calliandra haematocephala has many applications in landscaping and beyond. As an ornamental shrub, it serves as a centrepiece in tropical gardens such as that of Au Bois Vert, adding a vibrant touch with its glowing red flowers. When placed along pathways or as a hedge, it forms a natural, aesthetic, and fragrant barrier. Its dense foliage and spectacular bloom make it an ideal option for concealing unattractive spaces or demarcating a garden. In an urban or semi-urban setting, particularly in Antananarivo, it can be cultivated in large pots to enhance terraces or the entrances of hotels and restaurants. This hardy plant adapts well to pruning, allowing for control over its growth as needed. Garden enthusiasts also appreciate the Calliandra for its ability to attract a wide range of wildlife, contributing to a balanced and sustainable ecosystem. Beyond its decorative uses, the powder puff tree plays an important ecological role. It fixes nitrogen in the soil, thus promoting soil fertility where it is planted. Some reports also indicate that its leaves and pods can be used as fodder for livestock in rural contexts. Finally, its tolerance for varied soils and relatively low maintenance make it a popular choice for reforestation projects and the restoration of tropical landscapes.
Key information
| Common name | Powder Puff Tree |
| Scientific name | Calliandra haematocephala |
| Origin | Tropical America |
| Natural habitat | Tropical and subtropical zones |
| Life cycle | Perennial |
| Flowering period | November to February |
