Jatropha curcas, also known as Physic nut, is a fascinating plant featured in the Au Bois Vert Botanical Garden. This perennial species originates from Central and South America, where it naturally grows in tropical and subtropical environments. It adapts particularly well to dry, well-drained soils, which are typical of its native habitat. Reaching a height of 3 to 5 meters, the Physic nut is characterized by its bushy form and broad, green, lobed leaves. During its flowering period, it produces striking yellow or red flowers arranged in clusters, creating a visually captivating display. These flowers give way to capsule-like fruits containing oil-rich seeds.
Jatropha curcas, also known as the physic nut, is a hardy and resilient plant capable of surviving in harsh conditions. Thanks to its ability to thrive in dry areas, it is often used in reforestation projects and for soil erosion control. Moreover, the cultivation of this plant is increasingly sought after for its oil, which is used in various industries, ranging from biodiesel production to the manufacture of soaps and cosmetics.
The seeds of Jatropha curcas contain a powerful toxin called curcetin, but they are also very rich in oil, making the plant a valuable resource for the energy industry. It is a resilient species, and one of the many you can discover during your visit to the Au Bois Vert Botanical Garden, located in Ivato, not far from Antananarivo. Moreover, if you stay at the Hotel or the Lodge, you’ll be able to admire this plant in its natural setting while also discovering other exotic species.
Plant use
Jatropha curcas, also known as physic nut, has a wide range of uses that make it both a valuable and versatile plant. One of its most important applications is in the production of biodiesel. The oil extracted from its seeds is rich in triglycerides, making it an ideal raw material for biofuel production. This characteristic makes Jatropha curcas a strategic plant for sustainable development projects, especially in regions where access to traditional energy sources is limited. In other areas, the seeds of the physic nut are used to produce soaps and cosmetic products due to their moisturizing and nourishing properties. Jatropha curcas oil is also known for its medicinal properties. Although the raw oil is toxic, it can be processed and used in certain traditional medicines to treat infections and joint pain. However, medicinal use requires strict precautions, as some parts of the plant are toxic if not handled properly. The wood of this plant, though lightweight, is also used in certain types of construction and in the crafting of small artisanal objects. Furthermore, thanks to its ability to grow rapidly and adapt to poor soils, Jatropha curcas is often cultivated in soil erosion control projects. At Au Bois Vert, visitors can learn more about these ecological applications by exploring the diversity of the local flora.
Key information
| Common name | Physic Nut |
| Scientific name | Jatropha curcas |
| Origin | Central and South America, primarily from Mexico to Colombia. |
| Natural habitat | Dry tropical and subtropical areas, on well-drained and sunny soils. |
| Life cycle | Perennial, but often grown as an annual in cooler regions. |
| Flowering period | From late spring to autumn, depending on climate conditions. |
