The Erythrina crista-galli, also known as the “Bucaré” or “Coral Tree,” is an iconic plant of tropical and subtropical regions. Native to South America, particularly Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay, this ornamental tree is distinguished by its magnificent scarlet-red flowers shaped like a cockerel’s crest, from which it derives its scientific name. Its height generally ranges between 4 and 10 metres, depending on its environment. Its deciduous leaves, composed of three leaflets, give the tree a light and elegant appearance.
The Erythrina crista-galli, or Coral Tree, thrives particularly well in humid and sunny areas, near watercourses or in fertile plains. It tolerates various soil types, provided they are well-drained, and adapts to both temperate and tropical climates. Its spectacular flowering, which mainly occurs from November to February in the Southern Hemisphere, makes this species a valuable asset in botanical gardens and green spaces. At the Au Bois Vert Botanical Garden, located near the Hôtel et Lodge in Ivato, Antananarivo, this tree captivates visitors with its unique beauty.
The Erythrina crista-galli also plays an important ecological role. As a leguminous plant, it helps enrich the soil with nitrogen through symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. This characteristic makes it a valuable plant for reforestation and soil stabilisation in degraded areas.
Plant use
Beyond its ornamental appeal, the Erythrina crista-galli has a variety of practical and symbolic uses. In South America, it holds an important place in local traditions. For instance, in Argentina, it is the national tree and symbolises resilience in the face of challenges. Its vibrant flowers are often used to decorate spaces during celebrations. From a medicinal perspective, some populations use the bark and leaves of the Erythrina crista-galli in infusions for their sedative and anti-inflammatory properties. These traditional uses highlight the cultural richness and potential benefits of this plant in various fields. In landscaping, this tree is a preferred choice for parks, botanical gardens, or hotels and restaurants seeking to offer a setting that is both spectacular and soothing. At the Jardin Botanique d’Au Bois Vert in Ivato, Antananarivo, the Erythrina crista-galli contributes to creating a unique atmosphere, ideal for visitors in search of escape and natural beauty.
Key information
| Common name | Coral Tree |
| Scientific name | Erythrina crista-galli |
| Origin | South America (Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay) |
| Natural habitat | Sunny, damp areas, riverbanks |
| Life cycle | Perennial |
| Flowering period | November to February (southern hemisphere) |
