Trema orientalis, known as Charcoal tree, is a fast-growing tree belonging to the Cannabaceae family. Native to the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and Asia, it plays a significant role in natural ecosystems. This tree can reach a height of 10 to 20 metres and is characterised by its straight trunk, smooth bark ranging from grey to brownish, and alternate leaves with slightly serrated edges.
At the Au Bois Vert botanical garden, located in Ivato near Antananarivo, Trema orientalis, or Charcoal tree, attracts attention with its dense foliage and distinctive fruits. In particular, its small spherical drupes, which turn black when ripe, serve as a food source for numerous bird species. Additionally, its discreet yet abundant greenish flowers bloom almost all year round, further enhancing its ecological role.
Adapted to well-drained soils, Trema orientalis thrives in diverse environments, from coastal areas to mountainous regions. As a result, its rapid growth makes it an excellent choice for reforesting degraded land. Moreover, its ability to withstand harsh climatic conditions reinforces its value as both a functional and ornamental tree.
Visitors to the Au Bois Vert botanical garden appreciate Charcoal tree for its aesthetic and ecological contributions. By providing shade and enriching local biodiversity, this tree enhances the natural experience for guests of nearby hotels, restaurants, and lodges. With its elegant form and ease of maintenance, Trema orientalis stands as a symbol of adaptability and resilience in tropical landscapes.
Plant use
The Charcoal tree plays a crucial role in various fields, thanks to its practical and ecological properties. Its lightweight wood, easy to work with, is commonly used for making furniture, crates, or lightweight frames. In certain regions, locals also use it to produce high-quality charcoal, valued for its quick and lasting combustion. In traditional medicine, several parts of Trema orientalis are used for their therapeutic properties. The leaves, rich in bioactive compounds, help treat various ailments such as fevers, respiratory infections, and skin wounds. Decoctions made from its bark are also part of local pharmacopoeia, used to relieve pain and promote healing. Moreover, this tree plays a major ecological role. Thanks to its rapid growth, it effectively contributes to the restoration of degraded soils. Its deep roots stabilise sloping terrains and help prevent erosion. Additionally, the fruits it produces provide nourishment for local wildlife, thereby strengthening natural ecosystems. At the Au Bois Vert botanical garden, the Bois d’Andrèze perfectly illustrates the harmony between utility and beauty. Its presence not only enhances the aesthetics of the site but also reinforces the garden’s commitment to biodiversity conservation. As they explore this space, visitors discover a plant with multiple facets—both ornamental and essential to the environment.
Key information
| Common name | Charcoal tree |
| Scientific name | Trema orientalis |
| Origin | Tropical Africa, Asia |
| Natural habitat | Tropical and subtropical areas, disturbed terrain |
| Life cycle | Perennial |
| Flowering period | All year round |
